Raw Materials: in india protein colloid/ bone glue is produced from cattle ( pig buffalo, cow horse and goat) hide or skin and bones. Main proportion is manufactured form bones of buffalo.
(B) Process to manufacture protein colloid: It contains following steps,
(1) Raw material collection: Raw material ( bones) is collected form different abattoirs.
(II) Size Reduction of bones: Size of bones reduced form help of hammer
(III) Washing and treatment with Lime water: The bones are washed thoroughly with warm water to remove fat and dirt . After that bones are soaked in the hydrated lime solution (Molarity IM) for there days to eliminate odor and all traces of hair and flish attached to the bones. Ration maintained at this stage is Ig of bone sample mixed with 5 cm3 of lime solution. After three days bones are removed and rinsed with hot water to remove traces of lime water
(IV) Premixing with dilute acid: Bones are mixed with dilute hydrochloric acid (5-7% by weight ) for breakdown of collagen from bones to make glue
((V) Shredding and crushing : The bone sample are dried for two days and cursed in a jaw crusher to particle size of about 0.015 mm (300 mesh).
(VI) Heating and evaporation: Fine bones are mixed with water in ration of 75 ml of water for 100 g of bones and heated at 70.c for three hours. In this process bones further losses remaining traces of collagen as glue .
(VIII) QUALLITY CONTROL/ IMPROVEMENT: Polyvinyl acetate (PVA) is added to the glue in the ratio 1:4 (volume to make the glue formed more jelly. The mixture is stirred vigorously to achive homogeneity 10 ml of formaldehyde is added to prevent mold, bacterial growth and improve self life
(IX)Drying and pulverization: The glue is dried in a dryer to remove unwanted moisture. This gives hard and brittle sheets of the glue which can be stored. The brittle sheets can be broken into pieces or flakes and ground into fine particles according to the desired particle size or user specification.
